Proinflammatory and regulatory mechanisms in allergic contact dermatitis caused by methylchloroisothiazolinone and methylisothiazolinone.

BACKGROUND: Methylchloroisothiazolinone (MCI) and methylisothiazolinone (MI) are the cause of an increasing number of contact allergies. Understanding the mechanisms by which MCI/MI induces proinflammatory and regulatory factors production is necessary to understand the outcome of allergic contact dermatitis (ACD). OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the dysfunction of proinflammatory cytokines and regulatory factors in the positive MCI/MI patch test at the transcriptional and protein expression levels. Moreover, to analyse the cytokines production induced by MI in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). MATERIALS AND METHODS: The selected patients had positive MCI/MI patch test results. The expression of proinflammatory factors was evaluated by q-PCR and immunochemistry at 48 hours of positive MCI/MI patch test. The MCI/MI- or MI- induced secretion of IL-1ß, TNF and IL-6 by PBMC was analysed by flow cytometry. RESULTS: The results showed a decreased TLR4 expression with upregulated IL6, FOXP3, IL10 and TGFß mRNA expression as assessed by q-PCR at the site of the MCI/MI skin reaction. We detected increased protein levels of TLR4, FOXP3 and IL-10 in the dermis layer in the ACD reaction by immunocitochemistry. Moreover, MCI/MI induced proinflammatory cytokine production by PBMC through the NF-κB signalling pathway. CONCLUSION: Considering the altered innate immune response triggered by MCI/MI sensitization, these findings indicate that the regulatory process at the induction phase of ACD is a crucial mechanism. Given the increase in occupational and domestic exposure to MCI/MI, the underlying immunological mechanisms should be understood.

Merkel cell carcinoma in an immunosuppressed patient.

Merkel cell carcinoma is an uncommon neuroendocrine carcinoma with a rising incidence and an aggressive behavior. It predominantly occurs in older patients, with onset occurring at a mean age of 75-80 years. Recognized risk factors are ultraviolet sunlight exposure, immunosuppression, and, more recently, Merkel cell polyomavirus. We report a case of Merkel cell carcinoma in a young HIV positive patient with Merkel Cell polyomavirus detected in the tumor.

Nevus lipomatosus cutaneous superficialis.

Nevus lipomatosus cutaneous superficialis is a rare benign hamartomatous skin tumor characterized by dermal deposition of mature adipose tissue. Two clinical forms have been described (classical and solitary types). We describe a case of nevus lipomatosus cutaneous superficialis with a 13-year history of growth in a young woman who had a solitary skin-colored tumoral mass on the right buttock. Histopathological findings were typical and confirmed the diagnosis. In this case, the lesion was a skin-colored isolated mass, as described in the solitary type, but its localization and age of appearance were compatible with the classical type. The combination of simultaneous clinical findings of both types had not been published before.

Nevus lipomatosus cutaneous superficialis

Abstract: Nevus lipomatosus cutaneous superficialis is a rare benign hamartomatous skin tumor characterized by dermal deposition of mature adipose tissue. Two clinical forms have been described (classical and solitary types). We describe a case of nevus lipomatosus cutaneous superficialis with a 13-year history of growth in a young woman who had a solitary skin-colored tumoral mass on the right buttock. Histopathological findings were typical and confirmed the diagnosis. In this case, the lesion was a skin-colored isolated mass, as described in the solitary type, but its localization and age of appearance were compatible with the classical type. The combination of simultaneous clinical findings of both types had not been published before.

Lichen planopilaris developed during childhood.

Lichen planopilaris is a disease that appears with lymphocytic cicatricial alopecia. It is considered a follicular variant of lichen planus. The examination of affected areas shows alopecia with perifollicular erythema and scaling, revealing a predilection for hair follicles. The involvement of children is uncommon, with few reports in this population in the literature. This study presents a clinical case of a male patient of 15 years of age with characteristic lesions of lichen planopilaris.

Lichen planopilaris developed during childhood

Abstract: Lichen planopilaris is a disease that appears with lymphocytic cicatricial alopecia. It is considered a follicular variant of lichen planus. The examination of affected areas shows alopecia with perifollicular erythema and scaling, revealing a predilection for hair follicles. The involvement of children is uncommon, with few reports in this population in the literature. This study presents a clinical case of a male patient of 15 years of age with characteristic lesions of lichen planopilaris.

Herpes-zóster oftálmico apos injeção de onabotulinotoxina para tratamento cosmético - Relato de caso / Herpes zoster ophthalmicus after onabotulinumtoxin for cosmetic treatment: a case report

Episódios de herpes-zóster após procedimentos têm sido documentados recentemente na literatura. Uma vez que o uso da toxina botulínica atualmente se faz presente em diversas especialidades médicas, é crucial o estudo de seus efeitos colaterais e complicações. Uma revisão da literatura mostrou 65 casos de reativação de zóster após procedimentos, sendo três relacionados a injeções de toxina botulínica tipo A (dois para tratamento de rítides faciais e um para migrânea crônica). Em nosso caso, uma mulher de 43 anos previamente hígida apresentou herpe-zóster na face e couro cabeludo após injeções de toxina botulínica tipo A com fins estéticos, tendo recuperação completa após tratamento antiviral.

Herpes zoster outbreaks following minor procedures have been documented recently in literature. Since the use of botulinum toxin is nowadays spread in several medical areas for different purposes, it is crucial to study its side effects and complications. Literature review revealed 65 cases of zoster reactivation following minor procedures, and three cases related to BTA injections (two for facial lines treatment and one for chronic migraine). In our case, a 43 year old healthy woman had herpes zoster on the face and scalp after receiving BTA injections for cosmetic purpose, with complete recovery after anti-viral treatment.

Merkel cell carcinoma in an immunosuppressed patient

Abstract Merkel cell carcinoma is an uncommon neuroendocrine carcinoma with a rising incidence and an aggressive behavior. It predominantly occurs in older patients, with onset occurring at a mean age of 75-80 years. Recognized risk factors are ultraviolet sunlight exposure, immunosuppression, and, more recently, Merkel cell polyomavirus. We report a case of Merkel cell carcinoma in a young HIV positive patient with Merkel Cell polyomavirus detected in the tumor.

Sweet's syndrome associated with Crohn's disease.

Sweet's syndrome is an uncommon benign skin disorder, whose pathogenesis remains unknown. Its classic form is more common in women and presents itself as papular-nodular, painful and erythematous or violaceous lesions. It mainly affects the face, neck, and upper limbs. Fever and neutrophilic leukocytosis are also common features. Although it is considered a systemic disease marker in more than half of patients, the association of this condition with Crohn's disease is rare, with few cases reported in the literature, of which, none in Brazil. We report the case of a patient with Crohn's disease who developed the classical features of Sweet's syndrome.

Sweet's syndrome associated with Crohn's disease

Abstract: Sweet's syndrome is an uncommon benign skin disorder, whose pathogenesis remains unknown. Its classic form is more common in women and presents itself as papular-nodular, painful and erythematous or violaceous lesions. It mainly affects the face, neck, and upper limbs. Fever and neutrophilic leukocytosis are also common features. Although it is considered a systemic disease marker in more than half of patients, the association of this condition with Crohn's disease is rare, with few cases reported in the literature, of which, none in Brazil. We report the case of a patient with Crohn's disease who developed the classical features of Sweet's syndrome.

Subcisão e microagulhamento: relato de dois casos / Subcision and microneedling therapy: report of two cases

As lesões inflamatórias da acne podem resultar em cicatrizes permanentes, e vários tratamentos são propostos para reduzir sua aparência. Relatam-se os casos de dois pacientes, um homem e uma mulher com cicatrizes de acne distróficas, distensíveis retráteis e crateriformes na face, em que se optou pelo uso da subcisão nas áreas cicatriciais. Na paciente do sexo feminino foi associado na mesma sessão o microagulhamento. Houve bom resultado clínico nas áreas tratadas dos dois pacientes após três sessões mensais.

Inflammatory acne lesions may cause unaesthetic scars. Several treatments have been described to ameliorate its appearance. Will be described the treatment with subcision in two patients with acne and dystrophic crateriform facial scars. The female patient performed Microneedling in the same session of subcision. There was good clinical outcome in the treated areas of both patients after three monthly sessions.

Single cutaneous metastasis of colon adenocarcinoma - Case report.

Skin metastases are relatively rare and occur most often when the cancer is already advanced, invading other organs. As to location, they often seem to elect areas located close to the primary tumor, although distant sites, such as the scalp, may be affected with some frequency. We present a case of a 76-year-old woman with colon adenocarcinoma that had a single metastatic lesion on the scalp.

Single cutaneous metastasis of colon adenocarcinoma - Case report

Abstract: Skin metastases are relatively rare and occur most often when the cancer is already advanced, invading other organs. As to location, they often seem to elect areas located close to the primary tumor, although distant sites, such as the scalp, may be affected with some frequency. We present a case of a 76-year-old woman with colon adenocarcinoma that had a single metastatic lesion on the scalp.

PARACOCCIDIOIDOMYCOSIS IN A RENAL TRANSPLANT RECIPIENT.

Paracoccidioidomycosis (PCM) is the most common endemic mycosis in Latin America. The etiological agents, which comprise two species, Paracoccidioides brasiliensis and P. lutzii, are thermodimorphic fungi that usually affect previously healthy adults. They primarily involve the lungs and then disseminate to other organs. Such mycosis is rare in organ transplant recipients; there have been only three cases reported in literature, until now. We report a case of PCM in a renal transplant recipient with an unusual dermatological presentation.

PARACOCCIDIOIDOMYCOSIS IN A RENAL TRANSPLANT RECIPIENT

Paracoccidioidomycosis (PCM) is the most common endemic mycosis in Latin America. The etiological agents, which comprise two species, Paracoccidioides brasiliensis and P. lutzii, are thermodimorphic fungi that usually affect previously healthy adults. They primarily involve the lungs and then disseminate to other organs. Such mycosis is rare in organ transplant recipients; there have been only three cases reported in literature, until now. We report a case of PCM in a renal transplant recipient with an unusual dermatological presentation.

Poliarterite nodosa cutânea / Cutaneous polyarteritis nodosa

A poliarterite nodosa (PAN) cutânea é uma rara forma de vasculite, com curso crônico e recidivante, que envolve pequenas e médias artérias da derme e do tecido subcutâneo, sem o mesmo prognóstico da sua forma sistêmica. É caracterizada por nódulos subcutâneos, livedo reticular e ulcerações cutâneas. O diagnóstico é baseado no exame histopatológico e o tratamento é, na maioria das vezes, com corticosteroides, ciclofosfamida ou outro imunossupressor, embora não haja nenhuma terapia definitiva eficaz. Apresentamos o caso de uma paciente com PAN cutânea, com somente nódulos subcutâneos dolorosos.

Perfil clínico-epidemiológico de pacientes com psoríase / Clinical and epidemiological profile of psoriasis patients

Objetivo: determinar o perfil clínico-epidemiológico dos portadores de psoríase atendidos, durante o ano de 2009 no Ambulatório de Dermatologia da UEPA, Belém-Pa. Método: estudo transversal, no qual foram entrevistados 50 pacientes portadores da doença. A entrevista baseou-se em um protocolo composto de uma parte inicial com perguntas relacionadas ao perfil sócio-econômico e aos aspectos relativos a fatores associados com doença em estudo e uma parte subseqüente, na qual foram avaliados aspectos da apresentação clínica da psoríase. Resultados: verificou-se que predominou o sexo feminino, faixa etária de 38 a 48 anos de idade, com ensino fundamental incompleto e que afirmaram estar passando por alguma situação estressante na época do surgimento da doença. Predominou a psoríase em placa, disseminada e os membros inferiores foi a localização mais acometida. Conclusão: é de grande importância o incentivo de pesquisas que visem delinear o perfil clínico-epidemiológico, a fim de se conhecer melhor as populações que são atingidas por esta dermatose no Brasil.

Objective: was to determine clinical and epidemiological profile of patients with psoriasis treated during the year of 2009 in UEPA Dermatology Clinic, Belém-Pa-Brazil. Methods: It was performed a transversal and prospective study, in which 50 patients with the disease were interviewed. The interview was based on a protocol that included in its initial portion questions related to socio-economic profile and aspects related to factors associated with the disease under study and a subsequent part, in which analyze psoriasis clinical presentation.Results: It was found that most patients were female, aged between 38 to 48 years-old, with incomplete basic education and they said they were going through some stressful situation at the time of disease onset. The predominant clinical presentation was disseminated plaque psoriasis and lower limbs was the most affected location. Conclusions: It is very important the incentive for research aimed at delineating clinical and epidemiological profile, in order to better understand people who are suffering from this dermatosis in Brazil.

Efeito do extrato alcoólico da aloe vera na sobrevida de camundongos e no crescimento do tumor sólido de Ehrlich / Effect of alcoholic extract of aloe vera on survival of mice and tumor growth of solid ehrlich tumor

Objetivo: analisar o efeito do extrato alcoólicoda Aloe vera na sobrevida de camundongos e nocrescimento do tumor sólido de Ehrlich. Método: a amostra contou com 23 animais distribuídos em 04grupos com 05 animais em cada, sendo estes: Tumor + Água 1 (TA1), no qual os animais receberam águadestilada; Tumor + Aloe vera 1 (TAV1), no qual os animais receberam extrato alcóolico da Aloe vera, paraanálise da evolução tumoral. Para o estudo da sobrevida os grupos foram: Tumor + Água 2 (TA2) e Tumor+ Aloe Vera 2 (TAV2). O tumor foi injetado via subcutânea no dorso de todos os animais. A administraçãodas substâncias foi realizada por gavagem. No dia previsto, foi realizada eutanásia dos animais e adissecção tumoral, sendo as peças tumorais pesadas e realizada análise macroscópica e histopatológica.Resultados: no grupo TA1, a média do peso dos tumores ressecados foi 0,182g, detectou-se ascite eaderências em 02 animais e metástases em 04 destes. Já no grupo TAV2, a média do peso tumoral foi0,258g, detectou-se ascite e aderências em 01 animal e metástases foram verificadas em 04. Nos grupos deanálise da sobrevida, todos os animais do grupo TA2 conseguiram sobreviver até o 20o dia pós-implante, omesmo ocorreu somente com 03 animais do grupo TAV2. Conclusão: a utilização do extrato alcoólicodaAloe vera não apresentou efeito benéfico na sobrevida de camundongos e não se mostrou estatisticamenterelevante no crescimento do tumor sólido de Ehrlich.

Objective: to analyze the effect of alcoholic extract of Aloe veraon the survival of mice and growth ofEhrlich solid tumor. Methods: the sample consisted of 23 animals distributed in 04 groups with 05animals each, the groups were: Tumor + Water (TA1), in which the animals received distilled water;Tumor + Aloe vera 1 (TAV1), in which the animals received alcoholic extract of Aloe vera for analysis oftumor evolution. To study the survival rate the groups were: Tumor + Water 2 (TA2) and Tumor + AloeVera 2 (TAV2). The tumor was injected subcutaneously on the back of all animals. The administration ofthe substances was performed by gavage. Euthanasia and tumoral dissection were performed in thepredicted day, and the tumor pieces were weighed and a macroscopic and histopathological analysis wasperformed. Results: in TA1 group, the average weight of resected tumors was 0.182 g, and ascites andadhesions were detected in 02 animals and metastases in 04. In the group TAV2, the average tumorweight was 0.258 g, ascites and adhesions were detected in 01 animal and metastases in 04. In the groupsof survival analysis, all animals in group TA2 survived until the 20th day post-implant, the same occurredwith only 03 animals in the group TAV2. Conclusion: the use of alcoholic extract of Aloe vera showedno beneficial effect on survival of mice and was not statistically significant in the growth of Ehrlich solidtumor

Experimental model to myositis induction in mice microscopic evaluation

Objective: To evaluate the effect of acetic acid as an experimental model for the induction ofmyositis in hind limb of mice. Method: A total of 15 mice (Mus musculus), female, adult,weighing between 45 and 60g. Distributed into 3 groups according to the concentration of aceticacid used, 1%, 5% and 10%. After anesthesia, it was injected acetic acid and 14 days wascarried out euthanasia. After euthanasia, the gastrocnemius muscle of each animal was dissectedand sent for histopathological analysis to assess inflammation presented. Results: In all groupsthere was the occurrence of muscle inflammation, confirmed by histopathological analysis.Conclusion: The injection of acetic acid 0.1 ml in mice gastrocnemius muscle was efficient toproduce inflammatory process, so it can be used as an inflammatory model

Objetivo: avaliar o efeito do ácido acético como modelo experimental para a indução demiosite no membro posterior de camundongos. Método: Foram utilizados 15 camundongos(Mus musculus), fêmeas, adultas, pesando entre 45 e 60g. Distribuídos em 3 grupos de acordocom a concentração de ácido acético utilizada, 1%, 5% e 10%. Após anestesia foi injetado ácidoacético e no dia 14 foi realizada a eutanásia. Após a eutanásia, o músculo gastrocnêmico de cadaanimal foi dissecado e encaminhado para análise histopatológica para avaliar a inflamaçãoapresentada. Resultados: em todos os grupos observou-se a ocorrência de processo inflamatóriomuscular, comprovado pela análise histopatológica. Conclusão: A injeção de ácido acético jána concentração de 1% mostrou-se capaz de induzir miosite em camundongos, podendo entãoser utilizado como modelo de inflamação muscular também nestes animais